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Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit

Alternative Refueling Property Credit
Is up to $100,000

Current Conditions In the United States

As a result of escalating gas prices, larger incentives coupled with growing environmental concerns, consumers are increasingly transitioning to alternative fuels instead of gasoline (otherwise know as ICE vehicles or Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles). In 1992, the U.S. government introduced a tax incentive to promote the adoption of facilities for storing and dispensing alternative fuels. This incentive has now expanded to include a tax credit for equipment used to recharge electric cars. If you have made your home or business ready for alternative fuel vehicles, you might be eligible to use Form 8911: Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit to lower your federal tax liability.

18% of All light duty vehicles sold in the United States in Q3 2023
was either an EV, Hybrid (or alternate fuel) vehicle.

Key Terms

The Department of Energy established the definition of alternative fuels through the Energy Policy Act of 1992. Moreover, the Internal Revenue Service deems electricity and fuels containing at least 85 percent natural gas, liquefied or compressed natural gas, propane, hydrogen, or ethanol as alternative fuels. This also includes blends of biodiesel, diesel, and kerosene with a minimum of 20 percent volume derived from biodiesel fuel. Storage tanks, dispensing equipment, and electric vehicle charging supply equipment, also known as EVCSE, are considered refueling property by the IRS.

Energized individual returns

EnergyOne predicts that a substantial number of pure electric vehicles (EVs) will be introduced to the market by the conclusion of 2024. If you purchase an electric car and install a new Electric Vehicle Charging Station Equipment (EVCSE) at your primary residence to recharge its batteries, you may have the opportunity to reduce your tax liability through the Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit. The maximum credit is either $1,000 or 30 percent of the installation cost, whichever amount is less.

Taking advantage of the business incentive

By 2023, the U.S. boasted more than 138,100 EV charging stations, with the number steadily rising to accommodate the surging demand driven by the increase in EV sales. If you are a business owner who offers or distributes fuel for alternative fuel vehicles as defined by the IRS, such as electricity, you may be eligible for the Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit when you initially install new storage tanks or dispensing equipment to cater to your customers. The cost of any buildings cannot be included, and the property or equipment must be physically present at the location where you dispense the alternative fuel into vehicle tanks. The maximum credit per location is capped at $100,000 or 30 percent of the cost, whichever is lower. From the IRS

Qualified Refueling Property

To qualify for the credit, refueling property must be used to store or dispense clean-burning fuel. In addition, the following requirements must be met to qualify for the credit:
  • The refueling property is placed in service during the tax year.
  • The original use of the property began with the taxpayer.
  • The property is used primarily inside the United States.
  • If the property is not business or investment use property, it must be installed on property used as a main home.
Beginning January 1, 2023, the Inflation Reduction Act expands qualified property to include:
  • Charging stations for 2- and 3-wheeled vehicles (for use on public roads)
  • Bidirectional charging equipment (vehicle-to-grid or V2G)
Starting in 2023, qualifying property will be limited to property placed in service within low-income communities or non-urban census tracts.

Amount of Credit

Starting January 1, 2023, the credit for qualified refueling property subject to depreciation equals 6% with a maximum credit of $100,000 for each single item of property. Businesses meeting prevailing wage and apprenticeship requirements may be eligible for a 30% credit with the same $100,000 limit. For qualifying property not subject to depreciation, the credit equals 30% of the cost with a maximum amount of $1,000 per item. For property placed in service before January 1, 2023 (including personal property), the credit is 30% of the cost of qualified refueling property with a maximum total credit allowed of $30,000 for depreciable property and $1,000 for all other property.

How to Claim the Credit

Use Form 8911PDF to figure and report your credit for alternative fuel vehicle refueling property placed in service during the 2022 tax year. See also Instructions for Form 8911PDF and Instructions for Form 8911 for Certain Filers with 2023 Short Years. Partnerships and S corporations must file Form 8911 to claim the credit. All other taxpayers are not required to complete or file the form if their only source for this credit is a partnership or S corporation. Instead, they can report this credit directly on line 1s of Part III of Form 3800, General Business Credit. We’re developing additional forms, instructions and guidance for the 2023 tax year. Check back for updates.

Special Rules 

The portion of the credit for business or investment use of refueling property is treated as a general business credit carried from the Form 8911 to the Form 3800 and subject to the rules applicable to the general business credit. The portion of the credit for personal use of refueling property cannot exceed the excess of the regular tax liability reduced by certain allowable credits over the tentative minimum tax (if any) for the taxable year as determined on Form 6251. The personal use part of the credit is carried from Form 8911 to the Form 1040, Schedule 3. The basis of any refueling property for which a credit is taken must be reduced by the amount of the credit. The credit is subject to recapture if the property the credit applied for ceases to qualify within 3 full years from the placed-in-service date.

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